What is a Dual-Token Model?
The Dual-Token Model is a type of tokenization structure used in the blockchain and cryptocurrency space. It is a way of representing assets or utility in a digital form, allowing them to be traded on a decentralized platform. The Dual-Token Model consists of two separate tokens, each with its own unique purpose and function.
The first token is known as the "utility token" and is used to access and participate in the network or platform. For example, it might be used to pay for transactions, access premium features, or vote on proposals. Utility tokens are usually designed to be functional, rather than store value, and their value is derived from the services and benefits they provide to the user.
The second token is known as the "asset token" and represents ownership of a specific underlying asset, such as a stock, commodity, or real estate. Asset tokens can be used to trade ownership of assets on a decentralized platform, enabling a more efficient and accessible market for these assets. Asset tokens also have the potential to provide more security and transparency compared to traditional ownership structures, as the ownership and transfer of the underlying asset is recorded on a public blockchain.
One of the key advantages of the Dual-Token Model is that it allows for the separation of value and utility. The utility token provides access to the network and its services, while the asset token provides ownership of an underlying asset. This structure allows for more flexible and adaptable token offerings, as the utility token can be used for various purposes, such as providing access to the network, rewarding network participants, or funding future development.
Simplified Example
Let's say you have a big jar of candy and you want to share it with your friends. One way to do this is to simply divide the candy into equal parts and give each of your friends their share. But, what if some of your friends want more candy, and some of them want less?
To make things fairer, you could use a dual-token model. In this system, each piece of candy is worth one "candy token." But, you also have special "barter tokens" that can be traded for more or less candy. So, if one of your friends wants extra candy, they can trade some of their barter tokens for more candy tokens. And if another friend wants fewer candies, they can trade in some of their candy tokens for barter tokens.
In the digital world, a dual-token model is a similar system that is used in some cryptocurrencies. One token (like Bitcoin) is used to store value, and the other token (like Ether) is used to pay for transactions and access to certain services on the network. By having two different tokens, the network can be more flexible and respond to different needs and uses.
History of the Term Dual-Token Model
The concept of the "Dual-Token Model" emerged in the realm of cryptocurrency and blockchain innovation in the early to mid-2010s, gaining more prominence around 2017. It introduced a system comprising two distinct tokens within a blockchain ecosystem: one acting as a utility token and the other as a asset token. This model aimed to separate the functionalities of a token by assigning specific roles to each token type. This model gained attention for its potential to enhance decentralization, incentivize participation, and efficiently manage a blockchain network's operations.
Examples
Binance Coin (BNB) Dual-Token Model: Binance Coin (BNB) is the native token of the Binance exchange. It operates on a dual-token model, where BNB serves as both a utility token and a currency for trading fees on the exchange. The token has a number of use cases, including being used as a form of payment for trading fees on the Binance exchange, as collateral for loans on the Binance Lending platform, and as a means of payment for goods and services on Binance’s expanding ecosystem of dapps.
For example, a user might hold BNB and use it to pay for trading fees on the Binance exchange. By doing so, the user can enjoy a discount on their trading fees, making it more cost-effective for them to trade on the platform. Additionally, the user can use the Binance Coin as collateral for a loan on the Binance Lending platform, earning interest on their assets without having to sell them.
MakerDAO Dual-Token Model: MakerDAO is a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform built on the Ethereum blockchain that operates on a dual-token model. The platform consists of two tokens: DAI, a stablecoin pegged to the value of the US dollar, and MKR, a governance token. DAI is used as a form of collateral to secure loans, while MKR is used to govern the platform and vote on changes to the protocol.
For example, a user might hold DAI and use it as collateral to take out a loan on the MakerDAO platform. The user can then use the loaned funds to invest in other assets, earning a return on their investment. Additionally, the user can hold MKR and use it to vote on changes to the MakerDAO protocol, helping to shape the future of the platform.
UNI Dual-Token Model: UNI is the native token of the Uniswap decentralized exchange (DEX). It operates on a dual-token model, where UNI serves as both a governance token and a currency for trading fees on the Uniswap platform. UNI provides users with a means of participating in the governance of the platform and influencing its development, while also being used as a form of payment for trading fees.
For example, a user might hold UNI and use it to pay for trading fees on the Uniswap platform. By doing so, the user can trade assets on the platform without having to pay high fees. Additionally, the user can hold UNI and use it to participate in the governance of the Uniswap platform, helping to shape the future of the platform by voting on changes to the protocol.
Related terms
Asset-Backed Tokens (ABTs): Asset-Backed Tokens (ABTs) are a type of digital token that represents ownership of a physical or non-physical asset.
Governance tokens: Governance tokens are a type of cryptocurrency that give holders a say in the decision-making process of a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO).